One of my favorite activities is to listen to books on tape as I drive to work. I am currently listening to Bram Stoker's Dracula. I am in the middle of cassette 4, so not very far along.
It is striking how Stoker weaves together elements of modern technology (typewriting, telegraph, phonograph, "Kodak" [=camera], stenography) with a dark and pre-modern ethno-topology (the realm of Castle Dracula, the problematic crucifix of the early chapters, etc.). I propose that we consider it a species of science fiction.
I do not mean by doing this to show honor to science fiction. I don't find the category useful at all.
"Science fiction" seems to me to denote literature in which modern technology is introduced into a world where dark and inexplicable forces tend to reign supreme. What is most important are precisely those forces. Science fiction is not about the future, or even the present. It is about abiding, primordial struggles. George Lucas got it right when he put it this way: "A long time ago in a galaxy far, far away..." . Star Wars is not about the future. Technology is not about the future unless you live before tools and the wheel.
Science fiction (of which I am not a devote) allows modern people access to the dark and primordial struggles that modern technology is expected to obviate but may actually abet. Science fiction really belongs in the realm of the folk tale or the epic.
-- H. A. Massig המשיג